behavior. These include the case study, naturalistic observation, correlational
research, survey research, and the experimental method. If you were going to
design a study investigating the relationship between alcohol and violence,
which of these methods would you choose and why? What would be the relative
strengths and weaknesses of this study? What ethical considerations must be
taken into account while undertaking this study?
2. What is the difference between negative and positive
reinforcement? Describe a situation that shows positively reinforced and
negatively reinforced. Be sure to identify the reinforcer and the target
behavior in your example and any shaping that occurred due to these
reinforcements.
3. Say you have terrible fear of spiders?so much so that you
are afraid to go on picnics or camping because of this terrible fear. Which of
the psychological disorders would this fear fall under? How could have this
psychological disorder been created? What would be the best way for you to
treat this particular disorder?
4. How might low self-esteem develop in a person? Using
Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development describe the stage and what
factors might occur in that particular stage that could account for the
development of low self-esteem. Note: there may be more than one stage in which
the development of low self-esteem may occur. You need only choose one stage,
but you must explain in detail how this might occur.
