Chapter 12: Questionnaire Design
Multiple Choice
1.Which of the following is not characteristic of the questionnaire?
a.formalized schedule for collecting data
b.a unique control device in the data collection process
c.survey instrument
d.set of questions designed to generate data for specific objectives
e.All are characteristic of the questionnaire.
2.Which of the following is not part of the criteria for a good questionnaire?
a. considers the respondent
b.considers the computer hardware tabulating the results
c.provides decision-making information
d.meets data-processing requirements
e.All are part of the criteria for a good questionnaire.
3.Which of the following is not characteristic of open-ended questions?
a. ease of coding and tabulation of results
b. respondents get to reply in their own words
c.answers based on respondent’s frame of reference
d.can be used to interpret closed-ended questions
e.all of these are characteristic of open-ended questions
4.What type of question is the following?
Which of the following age categories best describes your age?
____0-18____19-24____25-34____35 and over
a. dichotomous question
b.open-ended question
c.multiple choice question
d.scaled question
e.none of these
5.Probing is especially important when using:
a. dichotomous questions.
b. open-ended questions.
c.closed ended questions.
d.multiple choice questions.
e.none of these
6.Which type of question does not allow the researcher to perform statistical analysis?
a. closed ended
b. multiple choice
c.open-ended
d.dichotomous
7.Which of the following is an incorrect statement concerning questionnaire layout?
a. Position threatening or sensitive questions last.
b. Allow plenty of space for open-ended questions.
c.Always place demographics questions at the beginning.
d.Position questions that require the most effort in the middle.
e.None of these is an incorrect statement.
8.Which of the following is not specifically part of the questionnaire evaluation process?
a. evaluating questionnaire length
b. the necessity of each of the questions
c.getting approval from a client
d.whether questions are needed to accomplish research objectives
e.All are part of the questionnaire evaluation process.
9.Which type of question would be located in the screener?
a. transitional
b. warm up
c.demographic
d.qualifying
e.none of these
10.When a questionnaire asks the respondent to skip question 4 if they answered “no” to question 3, this is an example of _______.
a. piping
b. editing
c.branching
d.coding
e.none of these
?
11.Which of the following is not a true statement concerning questionnaire development and the Internet?
a. It can be used to facilitate questionnaire development.
b. There is specialized software for online questionnaire development and
implementation.
c.Questionnaires can be delivered to potential respondents via email.
d.Questionnaires can be posted on the market researcher’s website.
e.All of these are true.
12.Which of the following is a reason for increased costs of survey research?
a. premature termination of the interview
b. adding a security screener
c.trying to reach a qualified respondent
d.None of these are reasons for increased costs of survey research.
e.All of these are reasons for increased costs of survey research.
13.When a question has only two possible choices, it is referred to as a _____________question.
a. dichotomous
b. qualitative
c.multiple choice
d.scaled-response
e.none of these
14.Going through each question to ensure that skip patterns are followed and that required questions are answered is _______.
a. coding
b. scaling
c.editing
d.closing
e.none of these
15.“In the space below, please write down your three favorite flavors of ice cream” is an example of what type of question?
a. scaled response
b. dichotomous
c.open ended
d.closed ended
e.none of these
16.“Do you own a cell phone? ____YES____NO” is an example of which type of question format?
a. scaled response
b.dichotomous
c.open ended
d.closed ended
e.none of these
17.“First National Bank is….. progressive ____|____|____|____|____ backward” is which of the following question formats?
a. scaled response
b.dichotomous
c.open ended
d.closed ended
e.none of these
18.A screening question is used to:
a. identify the right type of question for the final questionnaire.
b. check for respondent bias.
c.identify appropriate respondents for the survey.
d.to identify the right type of question for the final questionnaire and to check for respondent bias.
e.none of these
19.Which of the following questions potentially biases the respondents?
a. “We are conducting a study concerning the high quality of First National
Bank services”
b. “Do you shop at a store like Wal-Mart?”
c.“How satisfied are you with McDonald’s food quality and location?”
d.all of these
20.A proper layout for a questionnaire is needed to:
a.make it attractive to the respondent.
b.elicit answers that are more carefully thought out and detailed.
c.impose standardization on the questionnaire.
d.compensate for poorly worded questions.
e.all of these
?
21.Questions that are sensitive and may embarrass the respondent should be positioned at the ___________ of the survey.
a. beginning
b.middle
c.end
d.Such questions should not be asked at all.
22. The pretest of a questionnaire would not be done for:
a. getting the respondent’s reaction to the questionnaire.
b. checking for the appropriateness of the sample of respondents.
c.checking for misinterpretations by respondents.
d.checking for potentially biasing questions.
e.All of these would be part of a pretest.
23.It is important for surveys to include supervisor’s instructions in order to assist the _______.
a. client
b.field services firm
c.respondent
d.none of these
24.Which of the following types of questions would have the highest cost associated with its interpretation and tabulation?
a. open ended
b.dichotomous
c.multiple choice
d.scaled response
e.The cost would be equal for all.
25.Which of the following would not be a good practice regarding question sequencing?
a. general questions at the end
b.general questions at the beginning
c.sensitive questions at the end
d.questions requiring work in the middle
e.none of these
?
26.A researcher wants to develop a questionnaire that asks users of the product different questions than non-users. What technique should s/he use to accomplish this?
a.open-ended questions
b.piping
c.branching
d.non-response
27._______________ integrates responses from a question into later questions.
a.piping
b.editing
c.branching
d.coding
28.In the questionnaire design process, what is the first step?
a.Determine the data-collection method
b.Determine the question response format
c.Decide on question wording
d.Determine the survey objectives, resources, and constraints
29.Probes fall into three distinct categories. What are the categories?
a.Proactive, reactive, inactive
b.Proactive, reactive, spontaneous
c.Reactive, active, spontaneous
d.Proactive, spontaneous, inactive
30.__________ is achieved by avoiding ambiguous terminology, using reasonable, vernacular language adjusted to the target group, and asking only one question at a time.
a.Leadership
b.Clarity
c.Precision
d.None of these
31. Which of the following is not a general rule for creating web surveys for mobile devices?
a.Keep the number of scale points on rating items in the 5 to 7, at a maximum, range
b.Keep answer lists to maximum of 10 to 12 items
c.Present grids/batteries as individual questions
d.Generally work to minimize question wording
e. All of these are general rules
Chapter 13: Basic Sampling Issues
Multiple Choice
1.Under what kind of sampling procedure must the researcher adhere closely to precise selection procedures to ensure that the results are projectable to the population under study?
a.nonprobability
b.non-random
c.probability
d.quota
e.none of these
2.________________ samples must be selected in such a way that every element of the population has a known and equal chance of being selected.
a. Cluster
b.Simple random
c.Convenience
d.Systematic random
e.Stratified random
3._____________ is the total group of people from whom information is obtained.
a. Sample of interest
b. Census of interest
c.Population of interest
d.Subset of interest
e.The entire universe
4.What do convenience, judgment, quota, and snowball samples have in common?
a. They can all be classified as nonprobability samples.
b. They can all be classified as probability samples.
c.They all use random number tables to generate samples.
d.If properly invoked, they all provide projectable results.
e.They utilize every nth element in the sample frame.
5.Which of the following is a correct statement regarding probability samples?
a. The researcher can be sure of obtaining information from a representative
cross-section of the population of interest
b. Sampling error can be computed.
c.The survey results can be projected to the total population.
d.All of these statements are correct.
e.None of these are correct.
6.Which of the following sampling methods, if properly invoked, will produce projectable results?
a. quota
b. convenience
c. systematic
d.snowball
e.stratified quota?
7.Which of the following types of samples enables the researcher to compute sampling error?
a. nonprobability
b. convenience
c.probability
d.all of these
8.Which of the following could serve as the basis for forming a stratum?
a. usage rate
b. gender
c.income level
d.all of these
e.none of these
9.Stratified random samples are often confused with which of the following nonprobability sampling techniques?
a. quota
b. convenience
c.judgment
d.snowball
e. none of these
10.Which of the following sampling techniques would give the researcher the most confidence in projecting the findings to the overall population?
a. quota
b. projectable judgment
c.simple random
d.snowball
e.stratified snowball
?
11.In order to compute a skip interval, the researcher needs to know the desired sample size and the __________.
a. census
b. incidence rate
c.stratified sample
d.population size
e.none of these
12.If the researcher is expecting different responses between males and females in a study, which type of sample might be most useful?
a. judgment
b. snowball
c.stratified random
d.systematic random
e.none of these
13.Which of the following sampling methods is the most statistically efficient (the most representative)?
a. simple random
b. systematic random
c.stratified random
d.cluster
e.All are equally statistically efficient.
14.The type of error which results from the fact that samples are not perfectly representative of the populations from which they are drawn is known as _______.
a. measurement error
b. systematic error
c.sampling error
d.nonsampling error
e.selection error
15.Which of the following sample types is often used as a substitute for simple random sampling?
a. snowball
b. judgment
c.quota
d.systematic
e.none of these
16.A researcher randomly selected 10 census tracts from a metropolitan area. Within each census tract, 30 households were randomly selected. The sampling technique just described would be a ______________.
a. quota sample
b. area cluster
c.stratified random
d.systematic random
e.systematic quota
17.All other things equal, larger samples will have less ___________ than smaller samples.
a. measurement error
b. sampling error
c.time and cost
d.nonsampling error
e.interviewer error
18.The difference between the sample result and true population value is known as __________.
a. level of confidence
b. nonsampling error
c.acceptable error
d.none of these
19.The first step in the development of a sampling plan is to:
a. determine sample size.
b. select a sampling method.
c.choose a data collection method.
d.define the population of interest.
e.decide which statistical techniques are appropriate.
20.The _____________ is a list of the members or elements from which units to be sampled are selected.
a. population
b. sample frame
c.sample source
d.sample picture
e.universe
21.What is the most important reason for the growing popularity of nonprobability samples?
a.sampling error can be computed
b.representative of population
c.lower cost than probability samples
d.less nonresponse bias than other types of sampling
22.If a researcher offers beer drinkers an extra incentive to recruit their friends who also drink beer to participate in the study, s/he is using a(n) ________sample.
a.cluster
b.systematic
c.stratified
d.snowball
e.none of these
23.Of the following, which is the most important consideration when choosing a sample?
a.size of the sample
b.size of the population
c.how well the sample represents the population
d.how well the population represents the sample
24.In a ___________, data are obtained from or about every member of the population of interest, while in a ______________, information is obtained from or about a part of the population and used to make estimates about various characteristics of the total population.
a.Sample, census
b.Sample, study
c.Census, sample
d.Census, study
25.Under the right circumstances and all other things equal, _________ produces the most efficient samples and provides the most precise or reliable estimates for a given sample size.
a.Proportional stratified allocation
b.Disproportional stratified allocation
c.Optimal allocation
d.Disproportional Quota allocation
e.None of these
?
26.Which of the following is an advantage to internet sampling?
a.respondents complete survey at their convenience
b.data collection is relatively inexpensive
c.the interview can be administered under software control
d.survey can be completed quickly
e.all of these
27. Which of the following is a nonprobability sample in which quotas, based on demographic or classification factors selected by the researcher, are established for population subgroups?
a.Quota sample
b.Convenience sample
c.Stratified sample
d.Systematic sample
e.Snowball samples
28. Interviewing costs are dramatically reduced under which of the following sample type?
a.Systematic
b.Simple random
c.Stratified
d.Cluster
e.None of these
29. The “bigness” of Big Data can be seductive and lead researchers to not question which of the following?
a.representativeness
b.sample frame
c.purposeful nonrandomness
d.all of these
Chapter 14: Sample Size Determination
Multiple Choice
1.Which of the following is not a piece of required information in order to determine sample size?
a.estimated population standard deviation
b.estimated population median
c.acceptable level of sampling error
d.desired level of confidence
e.All are necessary to determine sample size.
2.The idea that a large number of sample means or proportions will approximate a normal distribution, regardless of the distribution of the population from which they were drawn, is known as:
a. sample variance
b.population variance
c.central limit theorem
d.random error
e.simple random sample
3.A continuous distribution, which is bell-shaped and symmetric about the mean, is known as:
a. the normal distribution.
b.the chi-square distribution.
c.the F-distribution.
d.the mean distribution.
e.the binomial distribution.
4.A researcher wants to know the average number of times per month respondents eat at fast food restaurants. The statistic that s/he is most interested in would be the_________.
a. variance
b. mean
c.standard deviation
d.proportion
?
5.Which of the following is not a determinant of sample size for probability samples?
a. budget available
b. research objectives
c.rule of thumb
d.all of these are determinants
6.If we were making inferences from a single sample, we would expect that there would be a ____ percent probability that the sample mean or proportion generated from our sample results would be within two standard errors of the true population mean.
a. 68.26%
b. 99.74%
c.97.5%
d.95.44%
e.98.00%
7.Higher levels of confidence generally require:
a. larger sample sizes.
b. greater variance.
c.smaller sample sizes.
d.smaller standard deviation.
8.When a research company routinely uses samples of 300 for their studies, they are using which type of plan to determine sample size?
a. the 50% rule
b. budget available
c.rule of thumb
d.number of subgroups to be analyzed
9.How many respondents should be in each important subgroup of a sample?
a. 10
b. 25
c.50
d.95
e.100
10.Which of the following statements about sample size is false?
a. There is no direct relationship between population size and the size of the
sample required to estimate population parameters.
b. The larger the sample variance, the larger the sample size that is required.
c.The higher the level of confidence, the larger the sample size that is required.
d.The larger the population, the larger the sample size that is required.
e.All of these statements are false.
11.Holding constant at a 95% level of confidence, if the standard deviation increases, then the sample size required to represent the population in question will be _______.
a. larger
b. about the same
c.smaller
d.not applicable
12.As the level of tolerable error increases in the sample means formula, the sample size required to represent a particular population is:
a. smaller
b. larger
c.about the same
d.none of these
13.Which of the following is not required to determine sample size using the sample means formula?
a. the standard error of the mean
b. desired level of confidence
c. estimate of population standard deviation
d. level of tolerable error
e. all of these are required.
14.Which of the following is not a method for estimating the population standard deviation?
a. prior study results
b. conduct a pilot study
c.use secondary data
d.using population size
?
15.____________ is a range of values within which the true population value is estimated to fall.
a. Interval estimate
b. Point estimate
c.Population estimate
d.Sample estimate
e.Universe estimate
16.Which of the following is not a measure of central tendency?
a. variance
b. mean
c.median
d.mode
17.Standard error of the mean is:
a. a measure of dispersion of a large population.
b. a measure of dispersion of large sample.
c. the standard deviation of a distribution of sample means.
d. the error in the computation of population standard deviation.
e.none of these
18.All of the statistical methods for determining sample size in this chapter assume which of the following?
a.a large population
b.a valid questionnaire
c.simple random sampling
d.stratified sampling
e.none of these
19.Which of the following would increase the necessary sample size in a study?
a.smaller mean of the variables in question
b.less need for precision
c.need to divide sample into sub-groups
d.larger population
e.smaller population
?
20.About 68% of the area under a standard normal curve covers one _________.
a.mean
b.sample
c.variance
d.standard deviation
e.median
21.When a researcher is not sure if people who responded to the survey are different from those who did not respond, this brings into question the issue of:
a.inappropriate sample size.
b.systematic bias.
c.nonresponse bias.
d.refusal bias.
22. A(n) ____________ normal distribution is a normal distribution with a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one.
a.Balanced
b.Standard
c.Stock
d.Ordinary
e. Outstanding
23.The _____________ includes all the possible individuals or objects from whom or about which information is needed to meet the objectives of the research.
a.Group
b.Selection
c.Population
d.Range?
e.Variance
24.___________ sampling error is the amount of sampling error the researcher is willing to accept.
a.Given
b.Projected
c.Accepted
d.Allowable
e. Tolerable
25. The results of a sample can be used to generate which of the following concerning the population mean?
a.point estimate
b.interval estimate
c.dot estimate
d.point and interval estimate
e.interval and dot estimate
26. Statistical power is the probability of not making which of the following types of error?
a.Type I
b.Type II
c.Type III
d.Type A
e.Type B
27. A type I error is described as which of the following?
a.the error of saying that there is no difference when there is a difference
b.the error of saying that there is a difference when there is not a difference
c.the error of saying that two variables are the same
d.the error of incorrect standard deviation
e.none of these
